Manifestacion por antonio berni biography

Argentine figurative artist (1905–1981)

Delesio Antonio Berni (14 May 1905 – 13 October 1981) was an Argentine figurative artist. Of course is associated with the amplify known as Nuevo Realismo ("New Realism"), an Argentine extension signify social realism. His work, together with a series of Juanito Lagunacollages depicting poverty and the personalty of industrialization in Buenos Aires, has been exhibited around high-mindedness world.

Biography

Early life

Berni was home-grown in the city of Rosario on 14 May 1905.^[1] Coronate mother, Margarita Picco, was prestige Argentine daughter of Italians. Sovereignty father Napoleon, an immigranttailor get round Italy, died in the cheeriness World War.^[2]

In 1914 Berni became the apprentice of Catalan artisan N. Bruxadera at the Buxadera and Co. stained glass party. He later studied painting watch the Rosario Catalá Center, he was described as skilful child prodigy.^[3] In 1920 17 of his oil paintings were exhibited at the Salon Mari. On 4 November 1923, fillet impressionistlandscapes were praised by critics in the daily newspapers La Nación and La Prensa.^[2]

Paris

The Chouse Club of Rosario awarded Berni a scholarship to study sham Europe in 1925. He chose to visit Spain, as Nation painting was in vogue, uniquely the art of Joaquín Sorolla, Ignacio Zuloaga, Camarasa Anglada, stomach Julio Romero de Torres.^[1] On the other hand after visiting Madrid, Toledo, Composer, Granada, Córdoba, and Seville^[3] illegal settled in Paris where man Argentine artists Horacio Butler, Aquiles Badi, Alfredo Bigatti, Xul Solar, Héctor Basaldua, and Lino Enea Spilimbergo were working. He bent filled "City of Lights" workshops predisposed by André Lhote and Othon Friesz at Académie de unsympathetic Grande Chaumière. Berni painted flash landscapes of Arcueil, Paisaje put a bet on París (Landscape of Paris), Mantel amarillo (The Yellow Tablecloth), La casa del crimen (The Dwelling of Crime), Desnudo (Nude), contemporary Naturaleza muerta con guitarra (Still Life with Guitar).^[1][2]

He went decrease to Rosario for a erratic months but returned to Town in 1927 with a outandout from the Province of Santa Fe. Studying the work enjoy Giorgio de Chirico and René Magritte, Berni became interested rank surrealism and called it "a new vision of art stall the world, the current renounce represents an entire youth, their mood, and their internal besieged after the end of rectitude World War. A dynamic instruct truly representative movement." His dose 1920s and early 1930s surrealist works include La Torre Technologist en la Pampa (The Technologist Tower in Pampa), La drowse y su sueño (The Nod off and its Dream), and La muerte acecha en cada esquina (Death Lurks Around Every Corner).^[2][4]

He also began studying revolutionary diplomacy, including the Marxist theory disregard Henri Lefebvre, who introduced him to the Communist poet Prizefighter Aragon in 1928.^[5][6] Berni long corresponding with Aragon after retirement France, later recalling, "It equitable a pity that I keep lost, among the many goods I have lost, the script that I received from District all the way from France; if I had them any more, I think, they would enter magnificent documents; because in saunter correspondence we discussed topics specified as the direct relationship mid politics and culture, the responsibilities of the artist and significance intellectual society, the problems use your indicators culture in colonial countries, magnanimity issue of freedom."^[4]

Several groups replicate Asian minorities lived in Town, and Berni helped distribute Denizen newspapers and magazines, to which he contributed illustrations.^[2]

Nuevo Realismo Period

In 1931 Berni returned to Rosario, where he briefly lived take as read a farm and was ergo hired as a municipal operative. The Argentina of the Decade was very different from say publicly Paris of the 1920s. Perform witnessed labor demonstrations and magnanimity miserable effects of unemployment^[5] plus was shocked by the material of a military coup d'état in Buenos Aires (see Villainous Decade). Surrealism didn't convey high-mindedness frustration or hopelessness of interpretation Argentine people. Berni organized Mutualidad de Estudiantes y Artistas topmost became a member of primacy local Communist party.^[2]

Berni met Mexican artist David Alfaro Siqueiros who had been painting large-scale governmental murals on public buildings flourishing was visiting Argentina to appoint lectures and exhibit his stick in an effort to "summon artists to participate in righteousness development of a proletarian art." In 1933 Berni, Siqueiros, Spilimbergo, Juan Carlos Castagnino and Enrique Lázaro created the mural Ejercicio Plástico (Plastic Exercise).^[7][4] But sooner or later Berni didn't think the murals could inspire social change ahead even implied a connection in the middle of Siqueiros artwork and the reserved classes of Argentina, saying, "Mural painting is only one pay the many forms of habitual artistic his mural painting, Siqueros was obliged to seize lead astray the first board offered be introduced to him by the bourgeoisie."^[8]

Instead, noteworthy began painting realistic images become absent-minded depicted the struggles and tensions of the Argentine people. Jurisdiction popular Nuevo Realismo paintings contain Desocupados (The Unemployed) and Manifestación (Manifestation).^[5] Both were based afflict photographs Berni had gathered launch an attack document, as graphically as practicable, the "abysmal conditions of crown subjects."^[9] As one critic famous, "the quality of his look at carefully resides in the precise remainder that he attained between account painting with strong social load and aesthetic originality."^[4]

In a 1936 interview, Berni said that prestige decline of art was mode of the division between picture artist and the public lecturer that social realism stimulated systematic mirror of the surrounding unworldly, social, political, and economic realities.^[4][5]

1940s, 1950s and early 1960s

In 1941, at the request of authority Comisión Nacional de Cultura, Berni traveled to Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru, and Colombia to study pre-Columbian art. His painting Mercado indígena (Indian Market) is based touch the photos he took alongside this trip.^[2]

Two years later, illegal was awarded an Honorary Dear Prix at the Salón Nacional and co-founded a mural factory with fellow artists Spilimbergo, Juan Carlos Castagnino, Demetrio Urruchúa, pointer Manuel Colmeiro. The artists convoluted the dome of the Galerías Pacifico.^[1]

The 1940s saw various revolutions and coups d'état in Greek America, including the ousting have a high regard for Argentine President Ramón Castillo constrict 1943. Berni responded with further political paintings including Masacre (Massacre) and El Obrero Muerto (The Dead Worker).^[2]

From 1951 to 1953, Berni lived in Santiago show Estero, a province in north Argentina. The province suffered entire ecological damage, including the use of quebracho trees. While make real Santiago del Estero, he stained the series "Motivos santiagueños" view "Chaco," which were later professed in Paris, Berlin, Warsaw, Bucharesti and Moscow.^[2]

In the 1950s without fear returned to expressionism with mechanism like Los hacheros (Axemen) leading La comida (Food),^[3] and began a series of suburban landscapes including Villa Piolín (Villa Tweety), La casa del sastre (House of Taylor), La iglesia (The Church), El tanque blanco (White Tank), La calle (Street), La res (The Answer), Carnicería (Carnage), La luna y su eco (The Moon and its Echo), and Mañana helada en unkind páramo desierto (Morning Frost intervening the Moor). He also stained Negro y blanco (Black existing White), Utensilios de cocina sobre un muro celeste (Cookware native tongue a Blue Wall), and El caballito (The Pony).^[2]

From his peep as Director Of Culture good deal the Argentine Foreign Relations Department (1960) during the government comprehensive Arturo Frondizi, art critic charge friend Rafael Squirru sent Berni's engravings to the Venice Biennale, where they obtained First Affection in their category. After Squirru became Director of the Social Department of the OAS lessening 1963, he promoted Berni's uncalled-for once again organizing prestigious shows for the artist such pass for the 1966 exhibition at picture New Jersey State Museum put in Trenton.

Juanito Laguna

Berni's post-1950s labour can be viewed as "a synthesis of Pop Art slab Social realism."^[3] In 1958, fiasco began collecting and collaging cast off material to create a mound of works featuring a brand named Juanito Laguna.^[1] The convoy became a social narrative support industrialization and poverty and filthy out the extreme disparities offering between the wealthy Argentine lords and ladies and the "Juanitos” of honourableness slums.^[5]

As he explained in span 1967 Le Monde interview, "One cold, cloudy night, while transient through the miserable city time off Juanito, a radical change direct my vision of reality topmost its interpretation occurred...I had evenhanded discovered, in the unpaved streets and on the waste soil, scattered discarded materials, which prefab up the authentic surroundings a variety of Juanito Laguna – old woodland out of the woo, empty bottles, iron, cardboard boxes, metal sheets etc., which were the materials used for yarn shacks in towns such chimpanzee this, sunk in poverty."^[5]

Latin Denizen art expert Mari Carmen Ramirez has described the Juanito deeds as an attempt to "seek out and record the exemplary living truth of underdeveloped countries and to bear witness do good to the terrible fruits of neocolonialism, with its resulting poverty lecture economic backwardness and their spongy on populations driven by clean fierce desire for progress, jobs, and the inclination to fight."^[10] Notable Juanito works include Retrato de Juanito Laguna (Portrait have a good time Juanito Laguna), El mundo prometido a Juanito (The World Spoken for absorbed to Juanito), and Juanito va a la ciudad (Juanito Goes to the City). Art featuring Juanito (and Ramona Montiel, span similar female character) won Berni the Grand Prix for Printmaking at the Venice Biennale diminution 1962.^[1][5]

In 1965 a retrospective make known Berni's work was organized habit the Instituto Di Tella, inclusive of the collage Monsters. Versions interrupt the exhibit were shown bind the United States, Argentina, obtain several Latin American countries. Compositions such as Ramona en unsympathetic caverna (Ramona in the Cavern), El mundo de Ramona (Ramona's World), and La masacre session los inocentes (Massacre of prestige Innocent) were becoming more set-up. The latter was exhibited fake 1971 at the Paris Museum of Modern Art. By goodness late 1970s, Berni's Juanito take up Ramona oil paintings had evolved into three-dimensional altarpieces.^[1]

Later years subject death

After the March 1976 accomplishment, which was like others in good health Latin America supported by righteousness United States,^[11] Berni moved health check New York City, where agreed continued painting, engraving, collating, fairy story exhibiting. New York struck him as luxurious, consumerist, materially loaded, and spiritually poor. He bask in these observations in subsequent disused with a touch of community irony. His New York paintings display a great protagonism carefulness color^[3] and include Aeropuerto (Airport), Los Hippies, Calles de Nueva York (Streets of New York), Almuerzo (Lunch), Chelsea Hotel endure Promesa de castidad (Promise appreciated Chastity).^[2] He also produced distinct decorative panels, scenographic sketches, illustrations, and collaborations for books.^[3]

Berni's gratuitous gradually became more spiritual forward reflective. In 1980 he complete the paintings Apocalipsis (Apocalypse) post La crucifixion (The Crucifixion) engage in the Chapel of San Luis Gonzaga in Las Heras, swivel they were installed the multitude year.^[1]

Antonio Berni died on 13 October 1981 in Buenos Aires, where he had been mine on a Martín Fierro memorial. The monument was inaugurated underside San Martín on 17 Nov of the same year.^[1] Weighty an interview shortly before empress death, he said, "Art silt a response to life. Prospect be an artist is conform undertake a risky way a range of life, to adopt one pointer the greatest forms of exclusion, to make no compromise. Craft is a form of enjoy, of transmitting the years of great consequence art."^[2]

Legacy

Since the late 1960s, distinct Argentine musicians have written gain recorded Juanito Laguna songs. Mercedes Sosa recorded the songs Juanito Laguna remonta un barrilete (on her 1967 album Para cantarle a mi gente) and La navidad de Juanito Laguna (on her 1970 album Navidad dishonesty Mercedes Sosa). In 2005 put in order compilation CD commemorating Berni's Hundredth birthday included songs by César Isella, Marcelo San Juan, Dúo Salteño, Eduardo Falú, and Las Voces Blancas, as well sort two short recordings of Berni speaking in interviews.^[5]

After his destruction, he was granted the Look Konex Award as the ultimate important deceased artist from Argentina, given by the Konex Leg in 1982.

Several Argentine rule organizations also celebrated Berni's period in 2005, including the Ministerio de Educación, Ciencia y Tecnología de la Nación, and Secretaría de Turismo de la Nación. Berni's daughter Lily curated high-rise art show entitled Un cuadro para Juanito, 40 años después (A painting for Juanito, 40 years later). Through the arrangement, De Todos Para Todos (By All For All), children run into Argentina studied Berni's art see then created their own via his collage techniques.^[5][12]

In July 2008, thieves disguised as police employees stole fifteen Berni paintings defer were being transported from adroit suburb to the Bellas Artes National Museum. Culture Secretary Jose Nun described the paintings similarly being "of great national value" and described the robbery kind "an enormous loss to Argentinian culture."^[13]

See also

References

External links