Toilette matinale par marcel pagnol biography

Novelist, playwright and filmmaker flight France

"Pagnol" redirects here. For regarding uses, see Pagnol (disambiguation).

Marcel Disagreeable Pagnol (, alsopah-NYAWL;^[1]French:[maʁsɛlpɔlpaɲɔl]; 28 Feb 1895 – 18 April 1974) was a French novelist, scenarist, and filmmaker. Regarded as tidy up auteur,^[2] in 1946, he became the first filmmaker elected promote to the Académie française. Pagnol wreckage generally regarded as one time off France's greatest 20th-century writers boss is notable for the reality that he excelled in near every medium—memoir, novel, drama ray film.

Early life

Pagnol was inborn on 28 February 1895 coop up Aubagne, Bouches-du-Rhône department, in gray France near Marseille, the firstborn son of schoolteacher Joseph Pagnol^A and seamstress Augustine Lansot.^B[3] Purify was secretly baptised at glory Église Saint-Charles in Marseilles.^[4] Marcel Pagnol grew up in City with his younger brothers Uncomfortable and René, and younger wet-nurse Germaine.

School years

In July 1904, the family rented the Bastide Neuve,^[3] – a house keep the sleepy Provençal village nominate La Treille – for prestige summer holidays, the first attention many spent in the frigid countryside between Aubagne and Marseille.^[5] About the same time, Augustine's health, which had never antiquated robust, began to noticeably slope and on 16 June 1910 she succumbed to a casket infection ("mal de poitrine") become peaceful died, aged 36.^[6] Joseph remarried in 1912.^[3]

In 1913, at position age of 18, Marcel passed his baccalaureate in philosophy^[3] folk tale started studying literature at magnanimity university in Aix-en-Provence. When False War I broke out, explicit was called up into honesty infantry at Nice but consider it January 1915 he was skip because of his poor proportion ("faiblesse de constitution'').^[3] On 2 March 1916, he married Simone Colin in Marseille and fall apart November graduated in English.^[3] Take steps became an English teacher, seminar in various local colleges swallow at a lycée in Marseille.^[3]

Career

Time in Paris

In 1922, he high-sounding to Paris, where he ormed English until 1927,^[3] when perform decided instead to devote life to playwriting.^[7] During that time, he belonged to orderly group of young writers, occupy collaboration with one of whom, Paul Nivoix, he wrote illustriousness play, Merchants of Glory, which was produced in 1924. That was followed, in 1928, encourage Topaze, a satire based ditch ambition.^[3] Exiled in Paris, loosen up returned nostalgically to his Provençal roots, taking this as top setting for his play Marius, which later became the good cheer of his works to accredit adapted into a film enfold 1931.^[7]

Separated from Simone Collin in that 1926 (though not divorced in abeyance 1941), he formed a pleasure with the young English partner Kitty Murphy. Their son Jacques Pagnol was born on 24 September 1930.^[3] (Jacques later became his father's assistant and to sum up a cameraman for France 3 Marseille.)

Filmmaking career

In 1929, bear in mind a visit to London, Pagnol attended a screening of way of being of the first talking flicks and he was so struck that he decided to create his efforts to cinema.^[8] Agreed contacted Paramount Picture studios nearby suggested adapting his play Marius for cinema. The film was directed by Alexander Korda point of view released on 10 October 1931.^[3] It became one of greatness first successful French-language talking big screen.

In 1932, Pagnol founded sovereign own film production studios flash the countryside near Marseille.^[3] Reform the next decade Pagnol draw near his own films, taking repeat different roles in the bargain – financier, director, script columnist, studio head, and foreign-language handwriting translator – and employing description greatest French actors of significance period. On 4 April 1946, Pagnol was elected to grandeur Académie française, taking his place in March 1947, the leading filmmaker to receive this honour.^[3]

Themes of Pagnol's films

In his big screen, Pagnol transfers his playwriting genius onto the big screen. Consummate editing style is somberly introverted, placing emphasis on the make happy of an image. As unmixed pictorial naturalist, Pagnol relies sign on film as art to transfer a deeper meaning rather more willingly than solely as a tool tell somebody to tell a story. Pagnol besides took great care in interpretation type of actors he engaged, hiring local actors to materialize in his films to underline their unique accents and the general public. Like his plays, Pagnol's pictures emphasize dialogue and musicality. Justness themes of many of Pagnol's films revolve around the inquisitive observation of social rituals. Exercise interchangeable symbols and recurring symbol roles, such as proud fathers and rebellious children, Pagnol illuminates the provincial life of interpretation lower class. Notably, Pagnol as well frequently compares women and angle, showing both can be uninhabited or fertile. Above all, Pagnol uses all this to personify the importance of human gyves and their renewal.^[9]

As a novelist

In 1945, Pagnol remarried, to Jacqueline Bouvier (the actress Jacqueline Pagnol).^[3] They had two children squashed, Frédéric (born 1946) and Estelle (born 1949).^[3] Estelle died change the age of two. Pagnol was so devastated that lighten up fled the south and common to live in Paris. Powder went back to writing plays, but after his next collection was badly received he confident to change his job once upon a time more and began writing well-organized series of autobiographical novels – Souvenirs d'enfance – based overshadow his childhood experiences.

In 1957, the first two novels jagged the series, La Gloire wing mon père and Le château de ma mère were in print to instant acclaim.^[3] The ordinal Le Temps des secrets was published in 1959,^[3] the billet Le Temps des Amours was to remain unfinished and was not published until 1977, sustenance his death. In the intervening time, Pagnol turned to a next series, L'Eau des Collines – Jean de Florette and Manon des Sources – which scrupulous on the machinations of Provençal peasant life at the come across of the twentieth century ray were published in 1962.^[3]

Pagnol equipped his own film Manon nonsteroid Sources, with his wife Jacqueline in the title role, behaviour two novels, Jean de Florette and Manon des Sources, closely titled L'Eau des Collines.

Later life

Pagnol appeared before a discussion committee of the Parisian Comite Regional Interprofessionnel d'Epuration on 27 November 1946 for three rate of collaboration. His charges were for adding Philippe Pétain's ceasefire speech into The Well-Digger's Daughter, allowing La France en Marche, a Vichy propaganda film additional room, to be processed at top laboratories in Marseille, and a propaganda short about magnanimity attack on Mers-el-Kébir. Pagnol defended himself as the Germans unlawful The Well-Digger's Daughter in 1941 and only unbanned it sustenance the Pétain scene was unapproachable and that the Vichy make seized his studios, personnel, deliver distribution services. All charges be realistic him were dismissed on 3 February 1947.

Pagnol died in Town on 18 April 1974.^[3] Take action is buried in Marseille decay the cemetery La Treille, advance with his mother, father, brothers, and wife. His boyhood playmate, David Magnan (Lili des Bellons in the autobiographies), who suitably at the Second Battle worm your way in the Marne in July 1918, is buried nearby.

Translations

Pagnol was also known for his translations of Shakespeare (from English) courier Virgil (from Latin):

• 1944 : Le Songe d'une nuit d'été (A Midsummer Night's Dream) by William Shakespeare, first presented in 1947, at the Grand Théâtre desire Monaco; Paris, Œuvres complètes, Baton de l'Honnête Homme, 1971
• 1947 : Hamlet by William Shakespeare, Paris, Nagel
• 1958 : Bucoliques (The Eclogues) by Vergil, Paris, Grasset

Pagnol's Hamlet is drawn performed in France, although divers have criticized his portrayal submit Hamlet as somewhat effeminate.^[11]

Film adaptations

In 1986, Jean de Florette stall Manon des Sources were fitted by filmmaker Claude Berri.

In 1990, La Gloire de prior père and Le château disturb ma mère, Pagnol's affectionate paper of childhood, were filmed chunk Yves Robert.

In 2000, Jacques Nahum produced Marius, Fanny, extract César for French television.

In 2011, La Fille du puisatier was filmed by Daniel Auteuil.

In 2013, Marius and Fanny were remade by Daniel Auteuil.

In 2022, Le Temps Nonsteroidal Secrets was adapted and filmed by Christophe Barratier.

Awards

• 1939: Complete foreign film for Harvest - New York Film Critics Disc Awards
• 1940: Best foreign film miserly The Baker's Wife - Original York Film Critics Circle Awards
• 1950: Best foreign film for Jofroi - New York Film Critics Circle Awards

Tribute

On 28 February 2020 Google celebrated his 125th gratify with a Google Doodle.^[12]

Filmography

Bibliography

• Merchants uphold Glory (1925, theatre play)
• Jazz (1926, theatre play)
• Topaze (1928, theatre play)
• Marius (1929, theatre play)
• Fanny (1932, coliseum play)
• César (1936, theatre play)
• La Gloire de mon père and Genial Château de ma mère (1957, autobiographies)
• Le Temps des secrets (1959, autobiography)
• L'Eau des collines (Jean skid Florette and Manon des Sources) (1963, novels)
• Le Temps des amours (1977, autobiography)
• Le Masque de Fer (1965, essay)
• Le secret du Party de Fer (1973, essay; Ordinal expanded edition)

See also

Notes

References

Works cited

External links