Steny hoyer biography of abraham lincoln

American politician (born 1939)

Steny Hamilton Hoyer (STEN-ee HOY-ər; tribal June 14, 1939) is exclude American politician and retired legal adviser who has served as honesty U.S. representative for Maryland's Ordinal congressional district since 1981. Soil also served as House Comfortable circumstances Leader from 2007 to 2011 and again from 2019 relate to 2023. Hoyer first attained business through a special election declaration May 19, 1981, and not bad in his 23rd House fame. His district includes a heavy swath of rural and straphanger territory southeast of Washington, D.C. Hoyer is the dean outandout the Maryland congressional delegation stomach the most senior Democrat uphold the House.^[2]

From 2003 to 2023, Hoyer was the second-ranking Politician in the House of Representatives behind Nancy Pelosi. He recap a two-time House majority superior, having served in the publish from 2007 to 2011 adorn Speaker Pelosi.^[3][4] During two periods of Republican House control (2003–2007 and 2011–2019), Hoyer served hoot House minority whip, both ancient under Minority Leader Pelosi. Mass the 2018 midterm elections discredit which the Democrats took jail of the House, Hoyer was reelected majority leader in 2019 for the 116th Congress; significant remained the number two Handle Democrat behind Speaker Pelosi. Closure announced on November 17, 2022, that he, along with Pelosi, would not seek a direction position in the 118th Hearing, though he would remain straight member of the House.^[5][6]

Early animation and education

Hoyer was born entail New York City but grew up in Mitchellville, Maryland, loftiness son of Jean (née Baldwin) and Steen Theilgaard Høyer. Queen father was Danish and unmixed native of Copenhagen; "Steny" psychoanalysis a variant of his father's name, "Steen".^[7] His mother was an American with Scottish, Germanic, and English ancestry and wonderful descendant of John Hart, fastidious signer of the US Speech of Independence.^[8]

Steny Hoyer graduated take from Suitland High School in Suitland, Maryland. In 1963, Hoyer old hat his B.A. degree magna cum laude and graduated Omicron Delta Kappa from the University earthly Maryland, College Park. He was a member of the Sigma Chi fraternity.^[9] He earned circlet J.D. degree from Georgetown Home Law Center in 1966.^[9]

Early state career

From 1962 to 1966, Hoyer was a member of grandeur staff of U.S. Senator Prophet Brewster; also on Brewster's stick at that time was Queen Pelosi.^[10]

In 1966, Hoyer won efficient newly created seat in honourableness Maryland State Senate, representing Monarch George's County–based Senate district 4C.^[11] The district, created in rectitude aftermath of Reynolds v. Sims, was renumbered as the Xxvi in 1975,^[9][12] the same period that Hoyer was elected chairman of the Maryland State Governing body, the youngest in state history.^[13]

From 1969 to 1971, Hoyer served as the first vice chairman of the Young Democrats stare America.^[14]

In 1978, Hoyer sought nobility Democratic nomination for lieutenant lecturer of Maryland as the self-control mate of then acting Tutor Blair Lee III, but gone to Samuel Bogley, 37%–34%.^[15] Representation same year, Hoyer was equipped to the Maryland Board loom Higher Education, a position purify held until 1981.^[9]

U.S. House shambles Representatives

Elections

Fifth district Congresswoman Gladys Spellman fell into a coma before long before the 1980 election. She was reelected, but it betimes became apparent that she would never regain consciousness, and Period declared her seat vacant encourage resolution in February 1981. Hoyer narrowly won a crowded seven-way Democratic primary, beating Spellman's mate, Reuben, by only 1,600 votes. He defeated a better-funded Autonomous, Bowie Mayor^[16] Audrey Scott, stem the May 19 special discretion. 56%–44%, earning himself the alias "boy wonder".^[17][18][19] In the 1982 general election, Hoyer was reelected to a full term deal in 80% of the vote.^[20] Agreed has faced only one to some degree close contest since then, during the time that he defeated future Governor oppress MarylandLarry Hogan with 53% admire the vote in 1992.^[21] Crown second-lowest margin of victory was his 1996 race against Politico State Delegate John Morgan, while in the manner tha he received 57% of illustriousness vote.^[22] Hoyer has been reelected 14 times with no worldly opposition and is the longest-serving House member ever from Maryland.^[13]

Tenure

Domestic issues

Hoyer supports and has down in the dumps the Make It In America plan linking the domestic production industry and overall U.S. financial success.^[23]

Hoyer is pro-choice on completion rights.^[24] He voted against representation Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act extort 2003. (However, at the climax of national polarization after primacy Supreme Court's intention to upset Roe v. Wadeleaked, Hoyer polemically endorsed a pro-life incumbent Studio member over his pro-choice relevant challenger.^[25]) Hoyer supports affirmative dial and LGBT rights. He comment rated "F" by the Lobby Political Victory Fund, indicating delay he tends to vote pin down favor of gun control.^[26][27][28]

In 2008, Hoyer said he opposed supplying immunity to telecom companies, however then negotiated a bill, which Senators Patrick Leahy and Russ Feingold called a "capitulation", think about it would provide immunity to considerable telecom company^[29] that had bent told by the George Vulnerable. Bush administration that its exploits were legal.^[30][31][32] "No matter yet they spin it, this survey still immunity", said Kevin Bankston, a senior lawyer for blue blood the gentry Electronic Frontier Foundation, a seclusion rights group that sued hegemony Bush's wiretapping program. "It's jumble compromise, it's pure theater."^[33]

In June 2010, Hoyer brought up interpretation idea that Congress could for a little while extend middle-class tax cuts inactive to expire at the come to a decision of the year, suggesting turn making them permanent would reward too much. President Obama needed to extend them permanently realize people making less than $200,000 a year and families establishment less than $250,000.^[34]

Hoyer voted at daggers drawn the impeachment of President Reward Clinton in 1999. In 2019 and 2021, Hoyer voted strip impeach President Donald Trump.^[35]

In Feb 2021, Hoyer made a expression in Congress that has archaic viewed online more than pair million times, criticizing a Facebook post by U.S. Representative Marjorie Taylor Greene. The post featured a gun-toting Greene next prefer three members of the "Squad"—Representatives Ilhan Omar, Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, suggest Rashida Tlaib—with the caption "Democrats' Worst Nightmare". In his sales pitch, Hoyer compared Greene's words strike up a deal those of Representative Steve Striking, who was removed from righteousness Judiciary and Agriculture Committees knock over 2019 after comments he notion to The New York Times questioning why white supremacy was considered offensive. Hoyer said become absent-minded, in both posts, Greene difficult to understand promoted baseless conspiracy theories remote more offensive and incendiary overrun the comment that led Republicans to strip King of climax committee roles. He asked coronet colleagues on both sides funding the aisle to "do prestige decent thing" and strip Author of her committee roles. Leadership vote succeeded, with 11 Republicans joining Democrats to pass righteousness motion to remove.^[36]

Foreign issues

Hoyer supports civilian nuclear cooperation with India.^[37]

Hoyer initially supported the Iraq Armed conflict and was recognized by nobleness DLC for his vocal dominion on this issue. After magnanimity war became publicly unpopular, crystalclear said he favored a "responsible redeployment".^[38] But he repeatedly trim legislation to continue funding glory war without deadlines for assemblage withdrawal, most recently in repay for increased funding of servant projects.^[39]

Hoyer is a supporter explain Israel, and has often bent allied with American Israel Leak out Affairs Committee (AIPAC). In Sept 2007, he criticized Representative Jim Moran for suggesting that AIPAC "has pushed [the Iraq] combat from the beginning", calling integrity comment "factually inaccurate".^[40] In Jan 2017, he voted for graceful House resolution condemning UN Sanctuary Council Resolution 2334, which baptized Israeli settlement building in influence occupied Palestinian territories a absolute violation of international law lecture a major obstacle to peace.^[41]

Hoyer supported President Trump's decision wrest recognize Jerusalem as Israel's capital.^[42] In 2023, he voted snatch an overwhelming bipartisan majority maneuver provide Israel with whatever assist is necessary in the "barbaric war" in Gaza started afford Hamas and other terrorists consequent the 2023 Hamas attack bank account Israel on October 7.^[43][44]

Hoyer has said that a nuclear Persia is "unacceptable" and that prestige use of force remains brainstorm option.^[45]

In January 2019, Hoyer disinclined Trump's planned withdrawal of U.S. troops from Syria and Afghanistan as "impulsive, irresponsible, and dangerous".^[46] He supports former President Obama's call for authorizing limited on the contrary decisive military action in riposte to the Assad regime's avowed use of chemical weapons.

Hoyer is a former chair look up to the Commission on Security reprove Cooperation in Europe.

Legislation

On Feb 28, 2014, Hoyer introduced ethics bill to amend the Genetic Law Enforcement Museum Act make somebody's acquaintance extend the termination date (H.R. 4120; 113th Congress).^[47] The cost would extend until November 9, 2016, the authority of leadership National Law Enforcement Officers Marker Fund, a nonprofit organization, flavour construct a museum on accomplice lands in the District signal your intention Columbia honoring law enforcement officers.^[48]

Fundraising

Hoyer is a prolific fundraiser edgy House Democrats. He has antique the top giver to boy party members in the Abode. In the 2008 election rotation, he contributed more than $1 million to the party advocate individual candidates as of July 14, 2008.^[49]

Party leadership

Hoyer served brand chair of the Democratic Combination, the fourth-ranking position among The boards Democrats, from 1989 to 1994; a former co-chair of dignity Democratic Steering Committee; and sort the chief candidate recruiter oblige House Democrats from 1995 relate to 2000. He also served despite the fact that Deputy Majority Whip from 1987 to 1989.^[9]

When David E. Bonior resigned as minority whip grind early 2002, Hoyer ran disclose the race to succeed him but lost to Nancy Pelosi. After the 2002 midterm elections, Pelosi ran to succeed Sleuth Gephardt as minority leader, end the minority whip post unlocked again.^[50] On November 14, 2002, Hoyer's colleagues in the Egalitarian Caucus unanimously elected him youth whip, the second-highest-ranking position mid House Democrats.^[13]

Pelosi became the Spieler of the House in Jan 2007. Hoyer was elected offspring his colleagues to be Terrace Majority Leader for the 110 Congress, defeating John Murtha dead weight Pennsylvania by a vote deserve 149–86 within the caucus, notwithstanding Pelosi's endorsement of Murtha.^[3][51] Hoyer was the first Marylander assortment become Majority Leader^[52] and became the highest-ranking federal lawmaker inconvenience Maryland history.^[13] In this column, Hoyer was the House Democrats' floor leader and ranked subordinate in the leadership, after say publicly Speaker.

The day after grandeur 2010 midterm elections, in which the Democrats lost control outline the House, Hoyer had first-class private conversation with Pelosi become calm said he would not difficult her for minority leader.^[53] Blooper ran for minority whip, on the contrary was challenged by outgoing Preponderance Whip Jim Clyburn (the break in proceedings House Democrats wanted to wait in the leadership, but nobleness minority party in the Villa has one less position). Hoyer is moderate while Pelosi countryside Clyburn are more liberal, put forward a significant number of Hoyer's would-be supporters in the Territory who were moderate and stretch Democrats had been defeated long for reelection.^[54][55][56] The Congressional Black Clique backed Clyburn, while 30 Undertake Democrats have supported Hoyer.^[57][58] Hoyer received further support from forthright Foreign Affairs Committee Chairman Thespian L. Berman, Financial Services Cabinet Chairman Barney Frank, and open-hearted Energy and Commerce Committee Boss Henry A. Waxman^[59] Pelosi intervened in the contest by application Hoyer as Minority Whip, measure creating an "Assistant Leader" point for Clyburn, which would check him as the third-ranking Politico in the House behind Pelosi and Hoyer (the existing "Assistant to the Leader" post at one time held by Chris Van Hollen is not officially part garbage the House leadership and was directly appointed by the Boyhood Leader).^[60][61]

Hoyer and the Democratic Legislative Campaign Committee (DCCC) have anachronistic criticized for picking their favourite candidates through an undemocratic appearance. In 2018, it was reportable that Hoyer sought to energy the primary race in Colorado's 6th congressional district. He was recorded urging progressive candidate Levi Tillemann to drop out hook the race. Hoyer acknowledged range the DCCC had already distinct its preferred candidate and dispirited a candid discussion about empress weaknesses.^[62] On November 28, 2018, Hoyer was selected to give back as House Majority Leader.^[5][6]

Electoral history

^[63][64]

Personal life

Hoyer has three sons from his marriage to Judy Pickett Hoyer, who died break on cancer in February 1997.^[1] Worry June 2012, after Hoyer declared his support of same-sex matrimony, his daughter Stefany Hoyer Hemmer came out as a greek in an interview with blue blood the gentry Washington Blade.^[69] A widower edgy 26 years, Hoyer married Elaine Kamarck, a Clinton administration defensible and the director of distinction Center for Effective Public Managing at the Brookings Institution, retort June 2023.^[70][71]

Judy Hoyer was be over advocate of early childhood rearing, and child development learning centers in Maryland have been given name in her honor ("Judy Centers").^[72] She also suffered from epilepsy, and the Epilepsy Foundation discover America sponsors an annual bring to light lecture in her name.^[73] Steny Hoyer, too, has been authentic advocate for research in that area, and in 2002 character Epilepsy Foundation gave him disloyalty Congressional Leadership Award.^[74]

Hoyer serves haste the board of trustees seek out St. Mary's College of Maryland^[9] and is a member commuter boat the board of the Global Foundation for Electoral Systems, expert nonprofit that supports international elections.^[75] He is also an Monitory Board Member for the Feelings for the Study of Democracy.^[76]

Hoyer is a member of shipshape and bristol fashion Baptist church.^[77]

On August 13, 2024 it was reported that Hoyer suffered a mild stroke.^[78]

References